Cytomorphological and molecular characterization of inter-specific hybrid between cultivated sunflower and Helianthus argophyllus

ABSTRACT

Aim: To study useful variability generated in an inter-specific hybrid between cultivated sunflower inbred (ARM-243B) and silver leaf sunflower, H. argophyllus (ARG-2126) through cytomorphological traits and hybrid confirmation by molecular markers.Methodology: The present study on hybridization was undertaken using cultivated sunflower inbred (ARM-243B) and silver leaf sunflower H. argophyllus (ARG-2126). Thirty one morphological characters were recorded of cultivated sunflower (ARM-243B), H. argophyllus (ARG-2126) and inter-specific hybrid. A total of 50 PMCs were analysed for cytological observations. 62 SSR primers were used for molecular characterisation and hybridity confirmation in inter-specific hybrid. Results: Considerable variability was observed in inter-specific hybrid, with common traits including branched stems, anthocyanin coloration in petiole and disk florets, leaf petioles, and stems etc. Cytological abnormalities and reduction in pollen fertility indicated that generated inter-specific hybrid was true type. Out of sixty two SSR primers, nineteen showed parental polymorphism. ORS-1021 showed 10 bp allelic variation in inter-specific hybrid in a co-dominant manner and, hence, was used for hybrid confirmation. Interpretation: The results of this investigation showed that inter-specific hybridization between cultivated sunflower and H. argophyllus and transfer of desirable traits into cultivated sunflower is possible.