Study of Diastolic Function in Asymptomatic Type 2 Diabetes Patients Visiting Goa Medical College and Hospital, Bambolim, Goa

ABSTRACT

Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of heart failure even in the absence of other co-morbidities. The present study is done to assess the diastolic dysfunction in diabetic patients and in correlating the grade of dysfunction with various parameters like age, gender, sex, glycaemic control, and microangiopathies associated with diabetes. We wanted to determine as to whether there is an association between diastolic dysfunction and type 2 DM and quantify the relation of LV diastolic dysfunction with age, duration of DM, HbA1c and obesity indices. We also wanted to assess the correlation between diastolic dysfunction and other microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes. METHODSThis is a cross sectional study. The sample size was 75. Assessment of the mitral peak velocity of early filling (E) and early diastolic mitral annular velocity (e’), and (E / e’) ratio is used to measure diastolic dysfunction. study was conducted on patients admitted in Goa Medical College. RESULTSAmong 75 subjects studied, 56 subjects (74.6 %) had diastolic dysfunction. There is a correlation of duration of diabetes with grade of diastolic dysfunction with a p value of 0.001. There is a correlation of dipstick proteinuria with grades of diastolic dysfunction with a p value of 0.002. Mean HbA1c in patients with grade 0 dysfunction was 7.93 with standard deviation of 0.86, grade 1 dysfunction was 7.28 with a standard deviation of 0.71, grade 2 dysfunction was 9.72 with standard deviation of 1.86, grade 3 dysfunction was 11.94 with standard deviation of 2.05 with a p value of < 0.001. CONCLUSIONSDiabetes is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease in the form of diastolic dysfunction in the initial stages. The grade of dysfunction was proportional to duration of diabetes, blood sugar levels, and mean HbA1c. Diastolic dysfunction also correlates with other microvascular complications of diabetes.