Isolation and Antibiotic Resistance of Achromobacter xylosoxidans from Non-respiratory Tract Clinical Samples: A 10-year Retrospective Study in a Tertiary-care Hospital in Hungary

ABSTRACT

Aims: To assess the prevalence of A. xylosoxidansisolated from non-respiratory tract samples from adult inpatients and outpatients and the antibiotic resistance levels at a tertiary-care teaching hospital in Szeged, Hungary retrospectively, during a 10-year study period.Study Design:Retrospective microbiological study.Place and Duration of Study1stof January 2008 -31stof December 2017 at the University of Szeged, which is affiliated with the Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Center, a primary-and tertiary-care teaching hospital in the Southern GreatPlain of Hungary.Methodology:Data collection was performed electronically. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was performed using disk diffusion method and when appropriate, E-tests on Mueller–Hinton agar plates. Results:During the 10-year study period, a total of 68 individual A. xylosoxidansisolates were identified (6.8±3.6/year, range 0-11 isolates). The frequency of isolation in the first half of the study period (2008-2017) was n=22, while in 2013-2017, this number was n=46. The majorityof isolates (51 out of 68) were from inpatient departments. 32 out of 68 patients were female (female-to-male ratio 0.89).The susceptibilities of the respectiveA. xylosoxidansisolates (n=68) were the following high levels of susceptibility for imipenem and meropenem (n=63; 92.6%), and moxifloxacin (n=55; 80.9%), while higher rates of resistance were detected for sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (susceptible n=36; 52.9%), ciprofloxacin (susceptible n=40; 58.8%) and almost all isolates were resistant to ceftazidime (susceptible n=3; 4.4%) and cefepime (n=2; 2.9%).Conclusion:The existing literature on Achromobacterinfections in the context of non-respiratory human infections is scarce, as the incidence of these pathogens in clinically-relevant syndromes in low. The developments in diagnostic technologies in routine clinical microbiology will probably lead to a shift in the isolation frequency of these bacteria in the future