Prevalence of Malignancy and Incidental Carcinoma in Routine Histopathology of Gall Bladder after Cholecystectomy for Gall Stones in the Age Group 30-60 Years

ABSTRACT

Background: Gall Bladder is the most commonly resected organ for various Pathological conditions and most common specimen received in the laboratory. Cholelithiasis is the most common cause of Cholecystectomy. Association of Cholelithiasis and Gall Bladder Carcinoma is strong. Gall Bladder Adenocarcinoma is a rare malignant tumor with incidious onset, rapid local invasion and progression. The frequency of incidental Carcinoma of Gall Bladder is also increasing and is estimated between 0.2% to 2.8%. Objectives of this study is to determine the various Gall Bladder lesion and detection of incidental Carcinoma in routine Histopathological study of Cholecystectomy specimens in 30-60 years age group. Materials and Methods: Total 556 Cholecystectomy cases were enrolled in the study and it was done for a period of one year from August, 2015 to July, 2016. The specimens received were fixed in 10% formalin and were examine grossly and processed routinely. Sections were stain with Haematoxiline and Eosine stain and Microscopic findings were noted. Results: out of 556 cases 124 were male 432 were female with MF = 13.5. Most commonly affected age group is 30-40 years. Non-neoplastic (98.6%) cases are more than Neoplastic (1.4%) cases. Among Non-neoplastic cases most common Histopathological diagnosis was Chronic Cholecystitis (83.4%). All Neoplastic cases were malignant tumors involving the age group 40-60 years (P=0.04) and MF=17. Histopathologically all were Adenocarcinoma. Prevalence of Gall Bladder Carcinoma was 1.4% and prevalence of incidental Carcinoma was 0.89%. Conclusion: Routine Histopathological analysis of all Gall Bladderr specimens after Cholecystectomy operation is mandatory for detection of various Pathological conditions and diagnosis of Gall Bladder Carcinoma specifically incidental Carcinoma which help in proper management the cases. However more studies with large numbers of cases are recommended for evaluation of incidence of incidental Carcinoma