Retrospective Analysis of Ameloblastoma: An Institutional Experience

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Neoplasms that are derived from odontogenic tissues represent an uncommon and heterogenous group of enti- ties in oral and maxillofacial region comprising about 1% of all jaw tumors. Ameloblastoma received particular attention of oral pathologists due to its local aggressive behavior. Objective: Indian studies, regarding prevalence of ameloblastoma are very few. The present study was done to analyze and compare clinical, radiographic and histopathologic features of 57 cases of ameloblastomas in India retrospectively. Materials and methods: 57 cases of histologically diagnosed ameloblastomas were retrieved from the archives over a five year period to analyze the age, sex, site, clinical presentation, radiographic features and histopathology. Results: In the present study, ameloblastoma accounted for 77% of all odontogenic tumors with a mean age of 37.5 years in males and 42 years in females. About 60% of the cases revealed mandible as most common site predominantly of posterior re- gion with common clinical presentation as painless swelling. Radiographically, multilocular radiolucency was noticed in about 54.3% of cases. Among the histological variants of solid/multicystic ameloblastomas, follicular variant was reported to be the most common (38%) and intraluminal variant (19%) to be the common subtype in unicystic ameloblastomas. Statistical analy- sis was done among the histological variants of ameloblastomas which showed no statistical significance (p<0.05). Conclusion: The findings in the present study were well in accordance with previous reported studies. However, extensive studies with larger samples need to be carried out in the Indian population to evaluate the incidence of ameloblastoma for more definitive results.