Co-Relation of Risk Factors for Surgical Site Infection in Patients Undergoing Surgery For Carcinoma of Breast

ABSTRACT

Background: Breast malignancy is one of the highest ranked malignancy occurring among Indian females, overall incidence being 25 per 1, 00,000 females varying across different states. Breast cancer surgeries are one of the commonest surgeries being conducted which is considered to be a clean procedure pretending to be at lower risk of complications. However it is has been observed that patient develops surgical site infection at an increased rate approximately 19% which leads to poor quality of life, increased hospital stay and delay in commencement of adjuvant therapies. The aim is to Co-relate risk factors for surgical site infection in patients undergoing surgery for carcinoma of breast. The objective of this study was to observe the relation of surgical site infection and its associated risk factors in the patient undergoing surgery for carcinoma breast.Material & Methods:We analyzed 50 patients diagnosed with carcinoma breast and operated for the same in Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College & Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh. Patients were divided into two groups, Group A who develop surgical site infection and Group B who don抰 develop surgical site infection. All the predisposing factors including age, BMI, Addiction, co morbidity, Neo-adjuvant therapy, preoperative total leucocyte count were recorded. An observation was done with above mentioned risk factors and correlated with development of surgical site infection.Results:In our study we found that the risk factors associated with surgical site infection post breast cancer surgeries were age, BMI, co morbidity, Addiction and Neo-adjuvant therapy.Conclusions:Patients of Age more than 50years or who underwent Mastectomy or having associated co-morbidity with co-relation to Smoking & BMI more than 30, with Increased TLC count or who have received Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy are associated with increased risk of SSI following breast surgery which has led to increased hospital stay. There are many other studies who also concluded the relation of above factors with development of SSI post breast surgery, however further research is needed to elucidate the effect of prior manipulation and radiation therapy in development of SSI.