Prevalence of Hypomagnesaemia Among Type 2 Diabetic Patients Admitted to a Tertiary Care Hospital

ABSTRACT

Background: Magnesium (Mg) is one of the dominant intracellular cations. It catalyzes more than 300 intracellular reactions and has multiple functions in areas of energy production, intracellular calcium regulation, protein synthesis and degradation, and neurotransmitter release. To estimate the prevalence of hypomagnesaemia among patients with type 2 diabetes attending a tertiary care Hospital.Material & Methods:A cross-sectional study was carried out at the Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes (BIRDEM), which treats patients with Diabetes Mellitus from all over the country. A total of 754 patients were included and analyzed in this study. All patients with type 2 diabetes who were referred to the BIRDEM during the period from the first of July 2020 to the end of June 2021 and had their serum Mg assessed were included in the study.Results:Out of 754 patients with type 2 diabetes, 150 patients (19.89%) (95% CI, 16.8%-21.4%) were hypomagnesaemic. Female gender, hypertension, statin therapy, HbA1c between 7-7.9% or ? 9% and patients with diabetes duration more than five years were independent risk factors for hypomagnesaemia. No association between hypomagnesaemia and age distribution, smoking history, neuropathy and retinopathy was found. In comparison with individuals enrolled in the National Vitamin D study, diabetic patients in this study had a much higher prevalence of hypomagnesaemia (19% vs. 0.7%) with odd’s ratio of 32 (95% CI, 21-48.2).Conclusions:The present study has shown that an apparently-healthy elderly population may have a magnesium deficiency that may need to be identified and treated for optimizing clinical care. Further multicentric studies with a greater sample size should be done in this field, which will benefit the elderly population.