Ethical challenges faced by community mental health workers in urban Chennai

ABSTRACT

Background: Delivery of mental health interventions to youth in schools requires a cadre of community mental health workers (CMHWs) in addition to psychiatrists. Literature is sparse in the India context on the ethical and professional challenges faced by CMHWs, especially those working with youth. Hence, the aim of the study was to understand these challenges faced by CMHWs working in schools in urban Chennai and explore ways to overcome them. Methods: A qualitative study was done with CMHWs involved in the delivery of youth mental health (YMH) interventions, including mental health literacy, screening for mental disorders and mental health support to youth in schools in urban Chennai. Focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with the study participants and audio recorded. Transcription of the recording was done verbatim and coded for themes using a thematic analysis approach. Results: Two FGDs were conducted with a total of eight participants. The mean (± standard deviation) age of the participants was 27 ± 3.7 years; all having a master’s degree in either psychology, social work, or public health. The major themes that emerged were the meaning of ethics and professionalism, confidentiality, dilemma in decision making, incongruence between the requirements of student and school administration, and personal and professional challenges faced by CMHWs. Recommendations to overcome these challenges were also explored. Conclusion: The results indicate CMHWs face significant ethical challenges with confidentiality, and decision making while delivering YMH interventions in schools, highlighting the need for designing and implementing a framework to address these challenges.