Association of Vitamin A Status With Under-Five Mortality in India

ABSTRACT

Objective: To re-estimate the survival benefit from Vitamin A supplementation (VAS) in India using meta-analysis and to correlate mortality and vitamin A deficiency (VAD) in children aged 6 month to 5 year. Methods: Pooled risk ratio (fixed effects model) for mortality reduction with VAS was calculated from available Indian studies. Computed mortality rates in 6 months to 5 years children in Indian states were regressed on VAD prevalence estimates of the states. Results: There was no reduction in risk of all-cause mortality with VAS (RR=0.96; 95% CI 0.89, 1.03). When regressing mortality on VAD in high or low VAD prevalence states, the regression coefficients were discordant. Conclusion: No survival benefit was observed for VAS in India from the available literature. The targeting of VAS programs should be given serious consideration.