Assessment of renal insufficiency in gestational proteinuric hypertension in third trimester pregnancy.

ABSTRACT

This prospective study on assessment of renal insufficiency in pregnancy induced proteinuric hypertension was carried out on 104 cases, in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (former IPGM&R), Dhaka during period of August 1997 to September 1998. The objective of this study, to find out the impairment of renal function in mild (<110 mmHg) and severe (>110 mmHg) hypertension. The frequency of mild hypertension was 96.29% and severe hypertension was 3.71% in third trimester of pregnancy. In this study mean age of the patient was 26.53+/-3.9 years, mean gestional age was 36.46+/-1.93 weeks and mean diastolic BP was 99.07 mmHg. The prevalence of hypertension was more in primigravida which was (72.23%) than multigravida (27.77%). Proteinuria was diagnosed as quantitative measurement of 24 hour urinary protein in photometric colorometer. The mean value of total urinary protein was 335+/-74.14 mg/24 hour (range 280-800 mg/24) hour). 1+Oedema was present in 48.14%, 2+ was 12.96% and 3+ was 14.81% of cases. There is a correlation of proteinuric hypertension with renal function which was done on the basis of laboratory investigations. Findings of parameters of renal function found to declined Serum creatinine mean value 1.0+/-0.14 (P<0.001) (normal range 0.6-0.8 mg/dl.), Urinary creatinine mean 57.69+/-12 mg/dl., Creatinine clearance mean 53.72+/-11.63 ml/min, Total urinary protein mean 335.52+/-74.14 mg/24 hour. Total urinary volume mean 2985+/-49 ml/24 hr. All the patients and their babies were followed up till discharge from hospital. Cesarean section was done in 76% of cases and vaginal delivery was done in 24% cases. Mean hospital stay was prolonged in proteinuric hypertension 7+/-1 days than non proteinuric normotensive goup 3+/-1 days. All of those were average socio-economic status. Extreme low birth weight was 14.81% in 50% of IUGR cases.