Initial outcomes of coronary angioplasty in diabetic patients.

ABSTRACT

Diabetes is one of the controllable risk factors of coronary artery disease. Many reports have shown that diabetes is a poor prognostic indicator for coronary events and revascularization among patients who undergo PTCA or coronary artery bypass surgery. The present work, the first prospective study in Thailand, was conducted to compare the demographic data and initial outcomes of diabetic patients (DM) with those of non-diabetic ones (non-DM) who underwent percutaneous coronary angioplasty (PTCA). Data between January 1993 and December 1998 were prospectively collected after each procedure and before discharge. During the 6-year period, 812 patients (DM-280, non-DM-532) were enrolled. The DM group had significantly more female patients (45.4 vs 21.1%, p < 0.0001), older age (62.5 +/- 8.2 vs 60.5 +/- 10.8 y, p < 0.007), less smoking (21.8 vs 43.2%, p < 0.0001), more dyslipidemia (56.8 vs 41.9%, p < 0.0001) and a higher incidence of hypertension (51.8 vs 42.5%, p = 0.01). The left ventricular ejection fraction, indication for PTCA, size of attempted vessel, and number of diseased vessels were similar in both groups. The case success rate was 93.9 per cent in the DM group and 92.3 per cent in the non-DM group (P=NS). Two patients (0.7%) in the DM and three cases (0.6%) in the non-DM group died during hospitalization. Overall major adverse cardiac events were not different between both groups (1.4 vs 1.9%, P =NS). In conclusion, there were some demographic differences in DM compared with non-DM patients who undergo PTCA; but initial outcomes, major adverse cardiac events, and mortality rates were not significantly different.