The effect of GM-CSF (granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor) on doxorubicin induced tissue necrosis and wound healing.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The effect of GM-CSF (granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor) on tissue necrosis and ulceration induced with doxorubicin extravasation was studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Adult Wistar-Albino rats (n=36) were used in the study. Doxorubicin (0.4mg/300 g) was applied subcutaneously to abdominal wall. In group I (n=18), half hours after doxorubicin injection, GM-CSF 6 microg/300 mg was applied subcutaneously to the same localization. In group II (n = 18) same amount of physiologic saline (0.5 ml) were given subcutaneously to the injection site (as vehicle control groups). Group II and I were examined for induration or ulceration on 7th and 21st day. After evaluating the lesions, the injection sites were excised. Hydroxyproline (5-HP) values of dry tissue samples were calculated and histopathologic examination was done. RESULTS: At day seven there were four and eight ulceration in groups I and II, while there were four and 14 ulceration in the second evaluation at day 21st (p<0.05). 5-HP values of the groups were as follows. 97.43+/-20.39 in group land 91.34+/-22.26 in group II. Although there was an increase in epithelization, eosinophil and lymphocyte infiltration and mast cell number in group I in histopathologic examinations only the increase in angiogenesis in group I was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that GM-CSF may have beneficial effect in the treatment of doxorubicin induced tissue necrosis.