The incidence and clinical characteristics of the immune phase eye disease in treated cases of human leptospirosis.
Indian J Med Sci
;
2007 Aug; 61(8): 441-7
Article
in English
| IMSEAR
| ID: sea-69276
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Uveitis is increasingly being reported from south India following epidemics of leptospirosis. The incidence of eye involvement in treated patients has not been investigated properly in prospective studies.AIMS:
To determine the incidence, clinical spectrum and risk factors for Leptospiral uveitis in antibiotic-treated patients. SETTINGS ANDDESIGN:
A prospective cohort study conducted among the patients treated for leptospirosis at Calicut Medical College between July and November 2002 and a seroprevalence study among sewage workers. Materials AndMethods:
As many as 360 patients admitted with suspected leptospirosis were studied by clinical examination, baseline ophthalmic survey, laboratory investigations and Leptospira serology (Microagglutination test - MAT; and IgM and IgG using ELISA) during the epidemic. Of the 282 seropositive and antibiotic-treated cases, 174 patients who completed 30 months of regular follow-up were analyzed. A cross-sectional serosurveillance also was performed among 50 sewage workers to determine the baseline MAT titer. StatisticalAnalysis:
Univariate analysis and logistic regression.RESULTS:
Thirty-two patients (18.4%) developed the eye disease during follow-up. The mean age was 43.9 years and the sex ratio was equal. Twenty-one patients (65.6%) had anterior uveitis. Only six patients (18.8%) had visual symptoms. Median duration for developing anterior uveitis was 4 weeks. Recurrent uveitis was not seen following treatment. None had vision-threatening eye disease. Clinical and laboratory abnormalities during the acute phase did not pose risk for development of the eye disease later. Forty-six sewage workers (92%) showed a MAT titer of 1/25.CONCLUSIONS:
Uveitis is common following acute leptospirosis. Antibiotic-treated patients during the acute phase of illness developed only mild uveitis.
Full text:
Available
Index:
IMSEAR (South-East Asia)
Main subject:
Uveitis
/
Aged
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
/
Agglutination Tests
/
Seroepidemiologic Studies
/
Child
/
Acute Disease
/
Incidence
Type of study:
Etiology study
/
Incidence study
/
Observational study
/
Prevalence study
/
Prognostic study
/
Risk factors
Country/Region as subject:
Asia
Language:
English
Journal:
Indian J Med Sci
Year:
2007
Type:
Article
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