Toxicity and side-effects of combination chemohormonal therapy of advanced breast cancer.

ABSTRACT

Seventy-five female patients suffering from advanced breast cancer were treated with toilet mastectomy, radiotherapy and oophorectomy (if premenopausal) or tamoxifen therapy (if postmenopausal) as well as chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil and prednisone. The most common side-effects of combined chemohormonal therapy were gastro-intestinal (nausea, vomiting, rarely diarrhoea) in 43 patients (57.3%), followed by alopecia in 23 patients (30.6%), myelosuppression in 12 patients (16%), extravasation and thrombophlebitis in 7 patients (9.3%), and mucositis and oral erythema in 3 patients (4%). Side-effects of tamoxifen therapy such as vaginal discharge, bleeding, hot flushes were encountered in 10 patients (13.3%). Hypercalcaemia, tumour flare and hepatic, renal, cardiac, pulmonary and neurological toxicities were not encountered. Improvement of 10-30% in Karnofsky performance status was noted in responders while 20-30% deterioration was observed in non-responders. Combination therapy was mostly well tolerated, side-effects were few and toxicities were temporary and reversible.