Health policy, systems and services research and the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme.

Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course (DOTS) has become the accepted standard for diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of tuberculosis (TB) worldwide. DOTS is the best treatment strategy available today, but it does not and cannot remain static. Health policy, systems and services research (HPSSR) described in the context of TB control, offers significant gains at relatively low cost and in a shorter timeframe. A rational framework is necessary to develop a research agenda and select priorities, especially when resources are limited. India has adopted, adapted and implemented DOTS strategy as the RNTCP. RNTCP has a clear set of programme objective ie, (a) cure of at least 85% of registered new smear positive pulmonary TB (NSP) cases and (b) detection of at least 70% of estimated NSP cases existing in the community. The RNTCP must be supported by research that continuously provides better tools for diagnosis, treatment and monitoring.