Changes of HIV knowledge and attitude among students in Beijing from 2018 to 2022 / 中国学校卫生

ABSTRACT

Objective@#To explore the change of HIV knowledge, information access and attitude among college students in Beijing from 2018 to 2022, so as to provide reference for the formulation of targeted comprehensive prevention and control mesures for AIDS.@*Methods@#A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 3 098 undergraduate students in Beijing from January 2018 to December 2022, and a questionnaire was used to understand knowledge of HIV/AIDS among participants, information access and the attitude towards AIDS patients.@*Results@#The questionnaire showed that the awareness rate of college students who were correct in more than 8 questions regarding HIV/AIDS related knowledge showed an increasing trend from 2018 to 2022, which were 66.93%, 70.10%, 72.14%, 75.04% and 76.89%, respectively ( P <0.05). In the 5-year survey, the awareness rate of "sharing toothbrush, razor or acupuncture apparatus with others can be infected with AIDS" was the highest, accounting for 82.67%, 83.01%, 84.06%, 84.99%, 87.16%, respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant ( χ 2=6.14, P >0.05). The awareness rate of "using new drugs will increase the risk of HIV infection" was the lowest, accounting for 50.08%, 50.98%, 52.98 %, 54.00% and 59.23%, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ 2=12.87, P <0.05). From 2018 to 2022, the main access to HIV/AIDS information were the Internet, AIDS publicity materials, and family and friends notification. The acquisition of HIV/AIDS knowledge through the Internet showed an increasing trend by year, accounting for 77.90%, 80.88%, 82.13%, 83.03 % and 86.04%, respectively, with statistical significance ( χ 2 trend =14.37, P <0.05). Items of "choosing to gradually distance themselves after knowing that their friends around them are AIDS patients" "accepting to shake hands with AIDS patients", and "supporting and restricting activities of AIDS patients in public places" accounted for a relatively high proportion. During the year of 2018-2022, the diffences were not statistically significant ( χ 2=7.95, 2.45, 2.17, P >0.05).@*Conclusions@#HIV/AIDS knowledge among college students in Beijing from 2018 to 2022 needs to be improved. The Internet is the main way for college students to obtain HIV/AIDS knowledge. HIV/AIDS related discrimination is high among participants. Comprehensive HIV related knowledge education should be implemented to change the attitude of college students in Beijing.