The Role of GLUT⁃1 in Cancer Metabolism Reprogramming / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

ABSTRACT

In recent years, with the deepening of tumor biology research, people have a newer and more comprehensive understanding of complex tumor metabolism reprogramming. The glucose transport protein-1(GLUT-1) is a glucose transporter widely expressed in the cell membranes of various tissues and represents unusual overexpression in the plasma membrane of virous cancer cell. GLUT-1 can transport man-nose, galactose, glucosamine and ascorbic acid (AA). GLUT-1 is overexpressed in different degrees on the plasma membrane of different tumor cells. Overexpressed GLUT-1 will make tumor cells take in more glucose to reprogram the metabolic mode of cells, and at the same time, it influences the change of tumor microenvironment. And the regulation of GLUT-1 in tumors has been the focus of attention in recent years, and the upstream regulators that have been reported mainly include phosphatase and tension homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) and hypoxia inducible factor (HIF). GLUT-1 also plays an important role in tumorigenesis and development by influencing the p53 and cellular tumorigenic gene (c-Myc) pathways. The review introduces structure and function of GLUT-1, the effects of transporting different substrates in tumor metabolic reprogramming, the regulation of GLUT-1, and the current treatment of GLUT-1. Meanwhile, the review discusses mechanisms and development of the role of GLUT-1 in cancer metabolism reprogramming, and points out the existing problems to provide reference for the research of metabolism reprogramming and targeted therapy of malignant tumors.