A clinical analysis of risk factors of necrotizing enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants / 国际儿科学杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective:To study the risk factors of stage Ⅱ/Ⅲ necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC)in very low birth weight infants by retrospective clinical analysis.Methods:Very low birth weight infants admitted to the NICU of Shanghai Children′s Medical Center within 24 hours after birth from July 1, 2017 to June 30, 2022 were included.Control group and NEC group were determined according to Bell staging criteria.Basic data, maternal history, major adverse events of preterm infants before NEC onset, and treatment during hospitalization were collected.Results:There were 437 cases in control group and 22 cases in NEC group.Compared with the control group, the gestational age of NEC group was lower[28.79(27.86, 29.61)weeks vs 30.00(28.79, 31.71)weeks, P=0.002]. The proportion of sepsis was higher(36.4% vs 6.6%, P<0.05), especially the proportion of late-onset sepsis(36.4% vs 6.2%, P<0.05). The proportion of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus(hsPDA)was higher(27.3% vs 5.7%, P<0.05). The proportion of shock before NEC onset was higher(18.2% vs 3.4%, P=0.010). The proportion of RBC transfusion within 48 hours before NEC onset was higher(27.3% vs 9.8%, P=0.026). However, the ratio of eclampsia/preeclampsia in pregnant mother was lower(0 vs 24.3%, P=0.008). Conclusion:Small gestational age, sepsis, hsPDA, shock and blood transfusion are risk factors for NEC, while eclampsia/preeclampsia in pregnant mother may be a protective factor for NEC.