Research advances in the pathogenesis of post-traumatic epilepsy / 中风与神经疾病杂志

ABSTRACT

@#Post-traumatic epilepsy （PTE） is the most common type of structural epilepsy. Revealing the mechanism of PTE may help to perform early targeted intervention， reduce related risks， and improve the prognosis of patients. This review summarizes the main hypotheses on the mechanism of PTE， including： （1） The breakdown of the blood-brain barrier after traumatic brain injury （TBI） causes serum protein extravasation and thus increases excitatory amino acids； （2） TBI activates neuroinflammation and the production of inflammatory mediators interferes with the balance between excitatory and inhibitory transmitters； （3） TBI leads to neurodegeneration and the mass production of Tau protein and the amyloid proteins APP and Aβ increases the excitability of hippocampal neurons； （4） abnormalities in aquaporin-4， brain-derived neurotrophic factor， and/or intestinal microbiota after TBI result in axonal sprouting and increase the activity of excitatory transmitters. Further exploration of the pathogenesis of PTE can help to find more disease-modifying treatment methods and provide new ideas for the treatment of PTE.