Urinary concentration of 3-phenoxybenzoic acid in elementary students in South Korea
Environmental Health and Toxicology
;
: e2015009-2015.
Article
in English
| WPRIM
| ID: wpr-137591
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES:
Pyrethroid pesticides are among the most commonly using insecticides in South Korean households and have been the subject of considerable interest among public health professionals for their potential health effects. The objective of this study is to examine the level of urinary 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) among elementary students in South Korea.METHODS:
We conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate pyrethroid pesticide exposure levels by measuring the urinary metabolites of 3-PBA using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method in March 2011. Study participants were 70 Asan-area and Incheon-area elementary students.RESULTS:
All respondents had values above the detection limit, and the geometric means of 3-PBA in all children were 1.85 μg/L and 1.46 μg/g creatinine. Children with the top 10% urinary levels of 3-PBA were more likely to be girls, under nine years of age, living in a rural area, and living in a residential type apartment.CONCLUSIONS:
South Korean children have a higher concentration of urinary 3-PBA compared with those of other countries. Further research identifying exposure pathways and intervention efforts to reduce environmental pesticide use are needed in South Korea.
Full text:
Available
Index:
WPRIM (Western Pacific)
Main subject:
Pesticides
/
Family Characteristics
/
Public Health
/
Cross-Sectional Studies
/
Surveys and Questionnaires
/
Creatinine
/
Environmental Exposure
/
Limit of Detection
/
Insecticides
/
Korea
Type of study:
Observational study
/
Prevalence study
/
Prognostic study
/
Risk factors
Limits:
Child
/
Female
/
Humans
Country/Region as subject:
Asia
Language:
English
Journal:
Environmental Health and Toxicology
Year:
2015
Type:
Article
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