Interaction of Vitamin D and Smoking on Inflammatory Markers in the Urban Elderly / 예방의학회지
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
;
: 249-256, 2015.
Article
in English
| WPRIM
| ID: wpr-182017
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES:
Epidemiological studies have reported that vitamin D deficiency is associated with inflammatory disease. Smoking is a well-known risk factor for inflammation. However, few studies have investigated the interactive effect of vitamin D deficiency and smoking on inflammation. This study aims to investigate the interaction of vitamin D and smoking with inflammatory markers in the urban elderly.METHODS:
We used data from the Korean Elderly Environmental Panel Study, which began in August 2008 and ended in August 2010, and included 560 Koreans > or =60 years old living in Seoul. Data was collected via questionnaires that included items about smoking status at the first visit. Vitamin D levels, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and white blood cell (WBC) counts were repeatedly measured up to three times.RESULTS:
The association of vitamin D and hs-CRP was significant after adjusting for known confounders (beta=-0.080, p=0.041). After separate analysis by smoking status, the association of vitamin D deficiency and hs-CRP in smokers was stronger than that in nonsmokers (smokers beta=-0.375, p=0.013; non-smokers beta=-0.060, p=0.150). Smoking status was an effect modifier that changed the association between vitamin D deficiency and hs-CRP (interaction estimate beta=-0.254, p=0.032). Vitamin D was not significantly associated with WBC count (beta=0.003, p=0.805).CONCLUSIONS:
Vitamin D deficiency was associated with hs-CRP in the urban elderly. Smoking status was an effect modifier of this association. Vitamin D deficiency was not significantly associated with WBC count.
Full text:
Available
Index:
WPRIM (Western Pacific)
Main subject:
Urban Population
/
Vitamin D
/
Vitamin D Deficiency
/
C-Reactive Protein
/
Biomarkers
/
Smoking
/
Body Mass Index
/
25-Hydroxyvitamin D 2
/
Inflammation
/
Leukocyte Count
Type of study:
Risk factors
Limits:
Aged
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Language:
English
Journal:
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
Year:
2015
Type:
Article
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