Study of Polymethyl Methacrylate Bone Cement Containing Bovine-Derived Defatting Demineralized Bone Powder

ABSTRACT

Polymethylmethacrylate(PMMA) is currently commonly used material for the reconstruction of bone defects and fixation of joint prosthetics following congenital and acquired causes. Although PMMA has widespread use, it does not possess the ideal mechanical characteristics with osteoconductivity and osteoinductivity required. In order to overcome these problem, addition of bovine bone drived defatting demineralized bone (BDB) powders to a PMMA bone cement was done for improvement of physical property and bone forming characteristics of composite. In order to investigate the influence of BDB reinforcement on the PMMA, we measured physical property of compressive, tensile, flexural strength, and scanning electron microscopic examinations. The results were obtained as follows 1. The PMMA forms a solid cellular matrix with open cells about above 100micrometer in variable size and incorporating BDB. BDB aggregates inside the cells form a porous network that is accessible from the outer surface. 2. The physical properties were compressive strength of mean 22.74+/-1.69MPa, tensile strength of mean 22.74+/-1.69MPa, flexural strength of mean 77.53+/-6.93MPa. Scanning electron microscopic examinations were revealed that there was DBD particles form a highly porous agglomerates. BDB can be added PMMA in the form of dried powders, the composites are applicable as bone substitutes. BDB and PMMA mixture is shown to produce a class of composites that due to their microstructure and improved mechanical properties may be suitable for application as bone substitutes. The mechanical and material properties of the BDB-PMMA bone substitute composites are competitive with those properties of a porous ceramic matrix of other hydroxyapatite and with those of natural bones.