Cytotoxic Effects of Gallic Acid and its Derivatives Against HIV-I-infected Microglia
Journal of Bacteriology and Virology
;
: 239-247, 2016.
Article
in English
| WPRIM
| ID: wpr-228228
ABSTRACT
In the previous study, we found that flavonoids and ginsenosides exhibited high eliminate rates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) D3-transfected macrophages. Based on these findings, here we synthesized the derivatives of gallic acid, including methyl gallate, methyl 4-O-methyl gallate, methyl 3,4-O-dimethyl gallate, and methyl 3,4,5-O-trimethyl gallate and measured their cellular toxic effects against HIV-1-infected macrophages. Of these, treatment with methyl 4-O-methyl gallate in the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and cycloheximide (CHX) most effectively eliminated HIV-1-transfected cytoprotective human microglial CHME5 cells and HIV-1-D3-infected human primary macrophages. Furthermore, these strongly inhibited LPS/CHX-induced phosphorylation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), pyruvate dehydrogenase lipoamide kinase isozyme 1 (PDK1), Akt, and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) in the Tat-transfected cells and HIV-1-D3-infected human primary macrophages. These findings suggest that methyl 4-O-methyl gallate may be a promising candidate for eliminating HIV-1 infected macrophages by blocking PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
Full text:
Available
Index:
WPRIM (Western Pacific)
Main subject:
Oxidoreductases
/
Phosphorylation
/
Phosphotransferases
/
Flavonoids
/
HIV-1
/
Glycogen Synthase
/
Microglia
/
Pyruvic Acid
/
Cycloheximide
/
Ginsenosides
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Journal of Bacteriology and Virology
Year:
2016
Type:
Article
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