The relevance between quantitative and type of chromosomal abnormality and leukemia transformation in myelodysplastic syndrome / 中华血液学杂志

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate leukemia transformation rate in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and the relationship with quantitative and type of chromosomal abnormality.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This study retrospectively analyzed and rediagnosed 138 MDS patients with complete data, investigated the rate and time of leukemia transformation, and analyzed characteristics of chromosome karyotype of de novo patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>29 (21.01%) of 138 patients transformed into leukemia, the rate and the median time of leukemia transformation were 21.01% and 8 (3-24) months, respectively, among which, the rate of leukemia transformation in normal karyotype, abnormal karyotype analysis of ≤5 mitotic cells, and >5 mitotic cells in split phase groups were 6.2%, 23.8% and 38.5%, respectively, and median time of which were 17(13-22), 13(5-23), and 7(3-10) months, respectively. Increased trend of leukemia conversion rate along with increased quantity of chromosomal abnormality was observed (χ²=14.185, P＜0.01). Leukemia transformation time negatively correlated with quantity grade of abnormal karyotype (r=-0.631, P<0.01), The leukemia transformation rates in monosomy 7/del 7q, trisomy 8, trisomy 11, complex karyotype and normal karyotype groups were 65.0%, 50.0%, 30.8% and 28.6%, being significantly different (χ²=21.555, P<0.01). Leukemia transformation rate of complex karyotype and monosomy 7/del 7 q was slightly higher than of trisomy 8 and trisomy 11, but both of them were significantly higher than of normal karyotype (χ²=8.054, P=0.005). There were no leukemia transformation cases in del 5q, del 20q, monosomy Y, and trisomy 21 group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>With or without abnormal chromosome karyotype, quantity and types of abnormal karyotype had important clinical value to predict leukemia transformation in patients with MDS.</p>