1:2 matched case-control study on the risk factors related to congenital heart disease during the peri-conceptional period / 中华流行病学杂志

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the possible risk factors during the periconceptional period relevant on the occurrence of congenital heart diseases (CHD) in the offspring.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A 12 matched case-control study was designed. From January 2012 to January 2014 in a district from Wuhan city, HuBei province, children were proved by MCH institutions through the "free screening for congenital heart disease" program. Cases with CHD were screened out by conventional auscultation, echocardiography figure and confirmed by physicians from the high-level hospitals. According to age, gender, community paired healthy children were chosen as controls. EpiData 3.1 software was used to input data, using SPSS 11.5 software to analyze the possible risk factors under simple and multiple factors logistic regression.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Information from parents of 138 cases and 276 controls was collected. 27 major factors from the conditional logistic regression analysis showed that factors asmental stress during early pregnancy, calcium supplement in the early stage of pregnancy, pregnancy malnutrition, having histories of abnormal childbearing, women with multiparous experiences and residence nearby sources of pollution (enterprises) etc. were associated with the incidence of congenital heart disease in the offspring. Data from the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that factors asmental stress during early pregnancy (HR = 3.35, 95%CI 1.28-8.79), pregnancy malnutrition during pregnancy (HR = 1.50, 95% CI1.10-2.03) and with abnormal childbearing history (HR = 1.62, 95% CI1.03-2.57) were risk factors. However, calcium supplement during early pregnancy (HR = 0.40, 95% CI0.25-0.65) could reduce the risk of CHD.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The occurrence of CHD might be related to factors asmental stress during early pregnancy, calcium supplement during early pregnancy, pregnancy malnutrition and having histories of abnormal childbearing. Peri-conceptional care should be strengthened to reduce the incidence of congenital heart disease.</p>