Unusual CD4⁺CD28⁻ T Cells and Their Pathogenic Role in Chronic Inflammatory Disorders
Immune Network
;
: 322-329, 2016.
Article
in English
| WPRIM
| ID: wpr-26676
ABSTRACT
CD28 is a primary co-stimulatory receptor that is essential for successful T cell activation, proliferation, and survival. While ubiquitously expressed on naive T cells, the level of CD28 expression on memory T cells is largely dependent on the T-cell differentiation stage in humans. Expansion of circulating T cells lacking CD28 was originally considered a hallmark of age-associated immunological changes in humans, with a progressive loss of CD28 following replicative senescence with advancing age. However, an increasing body of evidence has revealed that there is a significant age-inappropriate expansion of CD4⁺CD28⁻ T cells in patients with a variety of chronic inflammatory diseases, suggesting that these cells play a role in their pathogenesis. In fact, expanded CD4⁺CD28⁻ T cells can produce large amounts of proinflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ and TNF-α and also have cytotoxic potential, which may cause tissue damage and development of pathogenesis in many inflammatory disorders. Here we review the characteristics of CD4⁺CD28⁻ T cells as well as the recent advances highlighting the contribution of these cells to several disease conditions.
Full text:
Available
Index:
WPRIM (Western Pacific)
Main subject:
T-Lymphocytes
/
Cytokines
/
Cellular Senescence
/
Memory
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Immune Network
Year:
2016
Type:
Article
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