Study on survival time of microorganisms in fecal material in urine-diverting eco-san toilets

ABSTRACT

Salmonella typhimurium phage 28B and Ascaris suum ova were used as indicators to evaluate the ability of pathogen destruction of 6 types of dry toilets and the retention time of fecal material processing vault needing for health safety. The results showed that among three factors pH, temperature, moisture, pH was the most significantly influenced on the survival time of indicators. When pH>10, Salmonella phages and Ascaris ova were destroyed very fast. These pH values could be reached if after defecation 300mL of wood-ash was added. At least 6 months of retention for fecal materials inside dry toilets are needed