A Patient with Common Variable Immunodeficiency Followed by Severe Aplastic Anemia Successfully Treated with Allogenic Stem Cell Transplantation

ABSTRACT

A twenty-year-old male was diagnosed with common variable immunodecifiency (CVID) according to decreased blood level of immunoglobulins along with a history of recurrent sinopulmonary infection since early childhood, no response to prior vaccination, and the absence of all other defined immunodeficiency. Eleven months after the initiation of intravenous immunoglobulin replacement, he presented with petechiae on both lower legs for three weeks. Bone marrow exam was conducted as pancytopenia was not resolved over a month and severe aplastic anemia was diagnosed. Allogenic stem cell transplantation (Allo-SCT) with reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) enabled both a clinical resolution from propensity to infection with an appropriate production of immunoglobulins and a successful rescue of hematopoiesis. This report suggests that Allo-SCT using RIC is a potentially curable option in patients with CVID complicated by SAA if adequate efforts to minimize Allo-SCT-related complications are accompanied.