Tumor interstitial fluid and gastric cancer metastasis: an experimental study to verify the hypothesis of "tumor-phlegm microenvironment" / 中国结合医学杂志
Chinese journal of integrative medicine
;
(12): 350-358, 2012.
Article
in English
| WPRIM
| ID: wpr-347186
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To extract tumor interstitial fluid (TIF) from MKN-45 gastric cancer which is similar to "muddy phlegm" in Chinese medicine and observe influences of MKN-45 tumor interstitial fluid (MKN-45 TIF) intervention on metastasis of gastric cancer and on the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), kinase insert domain containing receptor (KDR), epithelial-cadherin (E-cad), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and telomerase genes and proteins in primary tumor tissue.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>An MKN-45 tumor-bearing model was established in 50 nude mice. The modeled animals were equally randomized to 5 groups the simple tumor-bearing group (model group), the normal saline (NS) via tail vein injection (i.v.) group (NS i.v. group), MKN-45 TIF i.v. group (TIF i.v. group), NS intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) group (NS i.p. group), and MKN-45 TIF i.p. group (TIF i.p. group). The TIF and NS intervention groups received injection (i.p. or i.v.) of MKN-45 TIF or NS twice a week, 0.2 mL at a time. After 8 weeks, the primary tumors were removed, weighed and HE stained to observe tumor metastasis. The primary tumor tissues were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and real-time quantitative PCR to detect expressions of VEGF, KDR, E-cad, COX-2, ICAM-1, and telomerase genes and proteins in different groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were significant differences in tumor weight between TIF intervention groups and the model and NS intervention groups. Tumor metastasis was observed in all 5 groups, but the tumor metastasis rate in TIF intervention groups was significantly higher than those in the model and NS intervention groups. The gene and protein expressions of gastric cancer-related factors VEGF, KDR, COX-2, ICAM-1 and telomerase were unregulated while the gene and protein expressions of E-cad were downregulated in TIF intervention groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>TIF promotes tumor growth, invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer. These findings provide preliminary experimental clues for verifying the hypothesis of "tumor-phlegm microenvironment".</p>
Full text:
Available
Index:
WPRIM (Western Pacific)
Main subject:
Physiology
/
Stomach Neoplasms
/
Cadherins
/
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
/
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1
/
Telomerase
/
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2
/
Cell Line, Tumor
/
Extracellular Fluid
/
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
Type of study:
Controlled clinical trial
/
Prognostic study
Limits:
Animals
/
Humans
/
Male
Language:
English
Journal:
Chinese journal of integrative medicine
Year:
2012
Type:
Article
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