The process of bone response to running training in female growing rats / 体力科学

ABSTRACT

Physical activity in the growing period has been shown to be effective for increasing bone mass because immature bones are more sensitive than mature adult bones to the stimulation with mechanical stress. However, bone growth is not uniform and changes markedly at puberty. Therefore, the response of bone to exercise may differ according to the growth process. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the process of the bone response to running training, and the relationship between the bone response and serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels in female rats. Thirty-three female Wistar-Imamichi rats 4 weeks of age were divided randomly into control (CON) and running training (RUN) groups for 6 and 12 weeks. Training consisted of running on a flatbed treadmill at 30 m/min for 60 min/day, 5 days/week. The bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) in the whole and five parts of the tibia were measured by a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometer (DXA) . Simultaneously, we measured serum concentrations of IGF-I, IGFBP-3, osteocalcin and 17β-estradiol. The whole tibial BMD was significantly higher in the RUN groups than in the age-matched CON groups. When BMD was analyzed at five different studied parts within the same tibia, the increase of BMD. was noted in the proximal and distal cancellous bone in the 6-week RUN group, and in the diaphysial, cortical bone, in the 12-week RUN group. Serum concentrations of osteocalcin, a marker of bone formation, were not altered by training, whereas they decreased with aging. Serum IGF-I levels in the training groups were not changed, but IGFBP-3 levels were increased significantly only in 6-week RUN rats. As a complex between IGFBP-3 and IGF-I may be more improve than free IGF-I in the bone formation, the high levels of IGFBP-3 in the 6-week RUN group may induce an increase in the activity of IGF-I. There was a significant positive relationship between serum IGF-I concentration and BMD of the whole tibia in the 6-week study, and between the IGFBP-3 level and BMD in both the 6 and 12-week studies.<BR>In conclusion, 1) the process of the skeletal response to running training is site-specific within the same bone, and 2) the increment of the IGFBP-3 level with training in the growth period may reflect the increment of tibial BMD through training.