TRAINING EFFECTS ON FORCE, VELOCITY AND POWER RELATIONSHIP IN HUMAN MUSCLE / 体力科学

ABSTRACT

The effects of different intensities of muscle training on the force, velocity and power relationship have been examined on human elbow flexor muscles. Twenty male subjects, 18-22 years of age, were divided into 4 different groups ; G<SUB>0</SUB>, G<SUB>30</SUB>, G<SUB>60</SUB>, and G<SUB>100</SUB>. Their training loads were prescribed by a fraction of isometric strength (P<SUB>0</SUB>) measured at right angle of elbow joint 0% P<SUB>0</SUB> (G<SUB>0</SUB> ; isotonic contraction without load), 30% P<SUB>0</SUB> (G<SUB>30</SUB>), 60% P<SUB>0</SUB> (G<SUB>60</SUB>), and 100% P<SUB>0</SUB> (G<SUB>100</SUB> ; isometric contraction) . The subject contracted his elbow flexors with maximum effort 10 times a day, 3 days a week for 12 weeks. The force-velocity relations and the resultant power output were determined, before and after training period, by a modified Wilkie's apparatus.<BR>The training by maximum isotonic contraction without load (G<SUB>0</SUB>) was found to be most effective for improving maximum velocity (V<SUB>0</SUB>), while the isometric training improved isometric strength (P<SUB>0</SUB>) most. For this, the P-V relations of these groups were specifically modified by greater velocity component (G<SUB>0</SUB>) or greater force component (G<SUB>100</SUB>) . The G<SUB>30</SUB> and G<SUB>60</SUB> groups showed such all-round improvements that the P-V relations shifted in parallel with those of pre-training period. The maximum power (PVmax), which calculated from P-V relationship, increased most in G<SUB>30</SUB>, followed by G<SUB>100</SUB>, G<SUB>60</SUB>, and G<SUB>0</SUB> groups.<BR>From these results it was concluded that the different training loads brought about specific effects on P-V relation, and that the most effective load for improving maximum power was 30% of isometric strength.