Methods for Effective Teaching and Meaningful Learning in Medical Education / 医学教育

ABSTRACT

  We present an overview of effective teaching and meaningful learning. When selecting teaching methods or learning methods, medical educators must understand the integrity of such methodology with an educational taxonomy or idealized images of future physicians as learners. Adult learning theory, self-directed learning, metacognition, reflective practitioners, and collaborative learning are the key concept for understanding outcomes to achieve when physicians are learners. Cultural differences as well as flexiblity in learning beliefs must be taken into account when applying educational theories from Western countries. Whereas there is no single optimal learning strategy, an elaborate combination of lectures, small-group discussions, and one-to-one instruction enables medical educators to teach learners effectively. Adult learners generally prefer to use various learning methods and to learn in an appropriate safe learning environment.