Animal experiment of the fatigue-resisting and anoxia-resisting actions of pholidota chinensis lindl

Jianxin LIU; Li ZHOU; Qing ZHOU; Qishen LIAN

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Pholidota chinensis lindl (PCL) has been used in folk medicine to treat pulmonary edema, resolve phlegm, relieve cough and resist fatigue. However, its pharmacological effects on hypoxic-ischemic heart and brain damage remain to be unclear.

OBJECTIVE:

To investigate the effects of PCL extract on survival duration of 5 kinds of anoxia models as well as anti-fatigue and anti-hypoxia actions.

DESIGN:

Randomized and controlled experiment.

SETTING:

Pharmacological Department of Garnnan Medical College.MATERIALS The experiment was performed in the Pharmacological Department of Gannan Medical College frgm March to June 2004. A total of 170 Kunming mice, 25 males and 95 females, weighing (20±2) g, were provided by the Experimental Animal Center of Gannan Medical College.

METHODS:

①Hypoxia-resisting testTotally 40 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups normal saline group, hydrochloric propranolol group (0.02 g/kg), and 5 g/kg and 10 g/kg PCL extract groups, with 10 in each group. Twenty minutes after administration, the mice were put into hypoxic wide-mouthed bottles of 250 mL volume with sodalime for recording survival time with stopwatch. ② Test of specific anoxic myocardium Totally 30 mice were randomly divided into 3 groups with 10 in each, namely normal saline + isoproterenol group, 10 g/kg PCL extract + isoproterenol group, and hydrochloric propranolol (0.02 g/kg) + isoproterenol group.0.015 g/kg isoproterenol was given to mice in each group. Forty minutes after administration, the mice were put into hypoxic wide-mouthed bottles of 250 mL volume with sodalime for recording survival time with stopwatch. ③ Test of NaNO2-induced hypoxia Forty mice were randomly divided into 4 groups normal saline group, hydrochloric propranolol group (0.02 g/kg), 5 g/kg and 10 g/kg PCL extract groups, with 10 in each group. Forty minutes after administration, the mice were intraperitoneally injected with 200 mg/kg NaNO2. The survival time was recorded.④Test of cerebral ischemia and hypoxia Thirty mice were randomly divided into 3 groups normal saline group, 5 g/kg and 10 g/kg PCL extract groups, with 10 in each group. Forty minutes after administration, the gasping time was recorded. ⑤ Test of exercise tolerance Thirty mice were randomly divided into normal saline group, 5 g/kg and 10 g/kg PCL extract groups, with 10 in each group. Forty minutes after administration, the mice swam with lead load on the tails, which was 2% of the body weight. The swimming test for mice used a circular pool 40 cm in diameter and 30 cm in height, and filled with water to a depth of 25 cm. Water was kept at 20-22 ℃.To study the effects of PCL extract on exercise tolerance, the swimming time of the mice was recorded until they were exhausted, submerged for 8 seconds, and did not float onto the surface again.MAIN OUTCOME

MEASURES:

The survival time and gasping duration in the hypoxia models after administration.

RESULTS:

Totally 170 mice entered the final analysis. ① Hypoxia-resisting test Survival time was longer in 5 g/kg and 10 g/kg PCL extract groups than that in normal saline group and hydrochloric propranolol group (F=70.52, P ＜ 0.05); survival time was longer in 10 g/kg PCL extract anoxic group than in 5 g/kg PCL extract group (P ＜ 0.05). ② Test of specificmyocardium Survival time was longer in 10 g/kg PCL extract + isoproterenol group and hydrochloric propranolol + isoproterenol group than in saline + isoproterenol group (F=37.29, P ＜ 0.05).③ Test of NaNO2-induced hypoxia Survival time was longer in hydroch　loric propranolol group,5 g/kg and 10 g/kg PCL extract groups than in saline group (F=34.34, P＜ 0.05); survival time was longer in 10 g/kg PCL extract group than in 5g/kg PCL extract group(P<0.05).④Test of cerebral ischemia and hypoxiaGasping time was longer in 5 g/kg and 10 g/kg PCL extract groups than in saline group (F=41.00, P ＜ 0.05); gasping time was longer in 10 g/kg PCL extract group than in 5 g/kg PCL extract group (P ＜ 0.05).⑤Test of exeract toleranceSurvival time was longer in 5g/kg and 10 g/kg PCL extract groups than in saline group (F=33.09, P ＜ 0.05);survival time was longer in 10 g/kg PCL extract group than in 5 g/kg PCL extract group (P ＜ 0.05).

CONCLUSION:

PCL has anti-fatigue and anti-hypoxia effects in a dosage-dependent manner. The effects may be related to Na, K-ATPase change or increase of alveolar fluid clearance.