The cytogenetic characteristics of 178 acute myeloid leukemia patients / 中华内科杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective To explore the cytogenetic characteristics of acute myeloid leukemia(AML) patients.Methods The karyotype analysis was performed in 178 AML using the short-term culture of bone marrow cell and G-banding technique.Results Among the 178 patients,171 had enough metaphases for analysis and 128(74.9%)had clonal karyotypic abnormalities.Twenty-seven patients were secondary to myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS-AML),with 25 (92.6%) patients carrying clonal karyotypic abnormalities.Among the remaining 144 patients of de novo AML,103(71.5%)had clonal karyotypic abnormalities.The rate of abnormal clonal karyotype was higher in MDS-AML than that of de novo AML (P=0.021).Among the 171 patients,41(24.0%)were in favorable risk group,80(46.8%)in intermediate risk group and 50(29.2%)in adverse risk group.t(15;17)was the most common chromosomal aberration.The maiority intermediate risk chromosomal aberration was;normal karyotype.The most common cytogenetic abnormality among adverse group was a complex karyotype.Adverse cytogenetic aberrations,such as -5/5q-,-7/7q-,frequently occurred in conjunction with one another as part of a complex karyotype.Totally 75 patients were 60 years or older,among them,16.0%were in favorable risk group,48.0%in intermediate risk group and 36.0%in adverse risk group.Among 96 younger patients,30.2%were in favorable risk group.45.8%in intermediate risk group and 24.0%in adverse risk group.The rate of favorable risk chromosomal aberration was lower in elder patients than in younger(P=0.03 1).The rate of adverse risk chromosomal aberration and the rate of monosomal karyotype were higher in MDSAML than in de novo AML patients(P<0.001).Conclusions The most common favorable,intermediate and adverse chromosomal aberrations were t(15;17),normal karyotype and complex karyotype respectively.The karyotype was poor in MDS-AML and elder AML patients.