Death causes and risk factors of uremia patients / 中华肾脏病杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective To investigate the death causes and risk factors of uremia patients in order to improve the prognosis of uremia patients.Methods Clinical data of 247 uremia inpatients and outpatients from 2001 to 2011 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.Dead patients were served as death group (n=124) and survival patients as control group (n=123).Death causes and primary disease were studied.Frequency of hemodialysis,prealbumin,albumin,natremia and pulmonary infection were compared between two groups.Results Age and gender were not associated with the death of uremia patients.The most common cause of death was cardiovascular disease followed by respiratory failure,uremic encephalopathy,cerebral hemorrhage,gastrointestinal hemorrhage,etc.Hemodialysis frequency,prealbumin,albumin and natremia of dead patients were obviously lower than those of control group.More patients in death group suffered from pulmonary infection.Logistic multivariate analysis revealed that death risk increased by 40.7％ when reducing 1 time per week of hemodialysis; death risk increased by 53.4％ when reducing 50 mg/L of prealbumin; death risk increased by 14.6％ when reducing 5 mmol/L of blood sodium; death risk of patients with pulmonary infection increased by 15.06 times of patients without pulmonary infection;death risk of diabetes mellitus increased by 4.26 times of patients without diabetes mellitus.Conclusions Cardiovascular disease,respiratory failure,uremic encephalopathy,cerebral hemorrhage,and gastrointestinal hemorrhage are common causes of death in uremia patients.Hemodialysis frequency,prealbumin,hyponatremia,pulmonary infection and diabetes can be regarded as risk factors for death of uremia patients.