Pegasparaginase as ifrst-line treatment of children with leukemia and lymphoma / 中国癌症杂志

ABSTRACT

Background and purpose: L-asparaginase (L-Asp) is an important drug in the treatment of childhood lymphoid neoplasms at present, but a lot of adverse reactions of L-Asp were observed. Pegasparaginase (PEG-Asp) is available in China in recent years. This study aimed to explore efifcacy and side-effect of PEG-Asp as ifrst-line treatment in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL). Methods:A total number of 211 ALL or LBL patients were treated with CCLG 2008 or BFM-90 protocol with PEG-Asp or L-Asp between Apr. 2008 and Mar. 2013;42 patients, among whom, were 35 ALL patients and 7 LBL patients, were treated with PEG-Asp as ifrst-line treatment;169 patients were treated with L-Asp as ifrst-line treatment (including 53 patients treated with L-Asp during induction protocol; with PEG-Asp during consolidate protocol). The clinical outcome and adverse reaction of PEG-Asp with L-Asp were observe and compared. Results: There were 35 ALL patients in PEG-Asp ifrst-line treatment group and the complete remission rate after 1 course of PEG-Asp was 97.1%,however, which was 83.3%of high risk ALL patients. The complete remission rate of 7 LBL patients of PEG-Asp ifrst-line treatment group was 57.1%. There was no signiifcant difference between 2 groups (P>0.05). Thirty-four patients relapsed including 5 patients of PEG-Asp ifrst-line treatment group, 16 patients of L-Asp ifrst-line treatment group and 13 patients treated with L-Asp during induction protocol and with PEG-Asp during consolidate protocol. Thirty-one patients died including 3, 18, 10 patients in 3 groups respectively. Twenty-two patients died of relapse, 4 died without remission, 5 died of complications. There was also no signiifcant difference between 2 groups (P>0.05). The incidence rates of adverse reactions were 47.6% and 63.3% respectively. Anaphylaxis, liver functions abnormalities, blood coagulation abnormalities, gastrointestinal reaction, hyperglycemia and pancreatitis were common in our patients. The incidence rate of anaphylaxis in PEG-Asp as ifrst-line treatment group was lower than other groups (P=0.03). But there was no signiifcant difference been observed in the incidence of other adverse reaction. Conclusion: The short-term efifcacy of PEG-Asp as the ifrst-line treatment in childhood leukemia and lymphoma was satisfactory and the incidence rate of anaphylaxis was lower. However, we will still pay much attention to adverse reaction monitoring of PEG-Asp.