The distribution characteristics of monosomal karyotype in 123 elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia / 中华老年医学杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective To explore the distribution characteristics of monosomal karyotype (MK) in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).Methods The karyotype analysis was performed in 123 elderly patients with newly diagnosed AML in our center from Nov 2000 to Feb 2015.We retrospectively studied the distribution characteristics of monosomal karyotype in these patients.Results Among 123 elderly patients with AML,117 patients had enough metaphases chromosomes for analysis.Among the 117 patients,there were 16 cases with good-risk karyotype,54 cases with intermediate-risk karyotype,and 47 cases with adverse-risk karyotype.In the 47 patients with adverse-risk karyotype,43 cases had complex karyotypes (CK).In the 117 elderly AML patients,37 cases (31.6％) had monosomal karyotype (MK),22 AML cases were secondary to myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS-AML),among them 13 cases (55.0％) had MK.In the 95 cases with primary AML,the detection rate of MK was 25.3％ (24 cases).The detection rate of MK+ AML was higher in MDS-AML patients than in de novo AML patients (P=0.000).Among the 37 patients with MK+AML,35 cases had complex karyotypes.30 (81.1％) MK+AML patients had two or more distinct autosomal monosomies and 7 (18.9％) MK+ AML patients had one single autosomal monosomy in the presence of structural abnormalities,and the incidence of autosomal monosomies was higher than that of single autosomal monosomy.The presence of--5 (27.0％),-4 (18.9％),-7 (16.3％) and-6 (13.5％) chromosomes was the most common autosomal monosomy among MK+ AML patients.Conclusions The detection rate of MK is relatively high in elderly AML patients.Two or more distinct autosomal monosomies are more common.The detection rate of MK+AML is higher in patients with MDS-AML than in patients with de novo AML.