An evaluation of the effectiveness of prevention and control measures on coal-burning-borne endemic fluorosis in Guizhou Province / 中华地方病学杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective To evaluate the effects of health education and improved stoves on control of coalburning-borne endemic fluorosis in Guizhou Province.Methods In 2014,according to the detectable rate of dental fluorosis of children aged 8-12 before implementing control measures,11 counties were divided into three layerslow detection rate (detection rate was less than 60％),medium detection rate (detection rate from 60％ to 90％) and high detection rate (detection rate was greater than 90％).One county was selected from each layer and two towns were selected in each county.According to the Diagnosis of Dental Fluorosis (WS/T 208-2011),dental fluorosis of all children aged 8-12 was examined in all towns;At the same time,in the 2 villages in each town,20households and students of one class in grade 4 to 6 were selected to survey knowledge about prevention and control of coal-burning-borne endemic fluorosis;and to survey the situation of improved stoves,drying and elutriation of corn and chillies,and related life behavior.Results The detectable rate of dental fluorosis of children aged 8-12was 5.49％ (198/3 607),8.33％ (72/864),12.46％ (179/1 437),and it was significantly lower than before implementing control measures [41.88％ (931/2 223),61.91％ (4 863/7 855),91.25％(2 439/2 673),x2 =1 166.43,909.56,2 508.96,all P ＜ 0.01].Correct answer rates of students about knowledge on endemic fluorosis were 78.03％ (792/1 015),84.93％ (1 465/1 725) and 80.18％ (910/1 135),the correct answer rates of knowledge were significantly higher than those before implementing control measures [23.19％ (640/2 760),47.41％ (2 368/4 995) and 40.25％ (3 405/8 460),x2 =947.96,736.61,644.69,all P ＜ 0.01].Correct answer rates of family householders about knowledge on endemic fluorosis were 86.75％ 047/400),95.25％ (381/400) and 86.25％ (345/400),the correct answer rates of knowledge were higher than those before implementing control measures [17.78％ (80/450),37.20％ (279/750) and 25.27％ (139/550);x2 =402.97,359.49,344.55,all P ＜ 0.01].The percentages of households whose stoves were qualified and can be used correctly to the total households were 96.25％ (77/80),96.25％ (77/80) and 93.75％ (75/80),and before implementing control measures [4.92％ (348/7 078),21.51％ (7 461/34 693) and 6.73％ (475/7 062)],and the differences were statistically significant (x2 =1 181.55,262.63,842.82,all P ＜ 0.01).The percentages of households using clean energy in heating season to the total households increased from 0 (0/7 078),0 (0/34 693),0(0/7 062) to 98.75％ (79/80),98.75％ (79/80),96.25％ (77/80).The rates of the three counties whose inhabitants could bake the chillies correctly were 96.25％ (77/80),95.00％ (76/80) and 97.50％ (78/80),which were significantly higher than before implementing control measures [5.55％(5/90),26.00％ (39/150),52.73％ (58/110),x2=139.52,99.36,45.64,all P ＜ 0.01].Who cooked chillies after washing were 93.75％ (75/80),95.00％ (76/80),93.75％ (75/80),which were significantly higher than before implementing control measures [74.44％ (67/90),87.33％ (131/150),34.55％ (38/110),x2 =11.47,3.91,67.36,all P ＜ 0.05].Conclusion The effects of health education and improving stoves on coal-burning-borne endemic fluorosis in the three counties of Guizhou Province are remarkable.