Adipose-derived stem cell transplantation for osteoporosis rats：evaluation by bone mineral density and histomorphometry measurement / 中国组织工程研究

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:Stem cel transplantation is increasingly hoped to promote osteoblast differentiation and inhibit osteoclast proliferation in the treatment of osteoporosis. OBJECTIVE: To study the therapeutic effect of exogenous adipose-derived stem cel (ADSC) transplantation on osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats. METHODS:Thirty Sprague-Dawley female rats were equivalently randomized into sham, model, ADSC transplantation groups. Rats in al groups except the sham group underwent bilateral ovariectomy to make osteoporosis models. Surrounding adipose tissues instead of the ovary were removed in the sham group. After modeling, rats were given 2×106ADSCs at passage 4via the tail vein in the transplantation group and the same volume of normal saline in the model group, once a week. After 6 weeks, levels of serum calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase as wel as bone mineral density and histomorphometry indicators were detected in rats. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the sham group, the trabecular bone volume fraction was significantly decreased in the model group (P < 0.01), but remarkably increased after ADSC transplantation (P < 0.05). After modeling, the bone trabecular absorption surface percentage and rate of bone trabecular formation were elevated significantly (P < 0.05 orP < 0.01), while these increases were improved by ADSC transplantation (P < 0.05). Additionaly, the levels of serum calcium and alkaline phosphatase and bone mineral density were significantly decreased after modeling, but were increased after ADSC transplantation. In contrast, the serum level of phosphorus was significantly increased in the model group (P < 0.05) but decreased markedly in the ADSC transplantation group (P < 0.05). To conclude, ADSC transplantation can reduce the loss of bone mass in osteoporosis rats by ovariectomy.