Basic researches on the construction of tissue-engineered meniscus / 中国组织工程研究

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:The meniscus injury is one of the most common sports injuries of knee joint. The treatment after injury is always a difficult problem in the clinic. Researchers have been trying to apply the method of using tissue-engineering to solve the problem of meniscus repair after injury. OBJECTIVE:To summarize tissue-engineered meniscus-related basic research. METHODS:The first author retrieved China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Medline for literatures on tissue-engineered meniscus. The key words were“meniscus, tissue engineering, basic research”. Articles with unrelated objective and repeated articles were excluded. Final y, 35 articles were included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There was some controversy about the classification of the cel of the meniscus. The outer tissue of the meniscus is mainly composed of the fibrous cartilage cel s and the extracel ular matrix. The inner tissue of the meniscus is mainly composed of a smal atypical class of cartilage cel s. The biomechanical properties of the meniscus can be properly adjusted when it is subjected to external pressure. The lateral meniscus is assumed to bear al the pressure of the outer part of the knee joint during knee flexion, but the medial meniscus is assumed to bear 50%of the medial part of the knee joint. The etiology and pathophysiology of meniscus injury are not the same, which is highly dependent on the age of onset of the patient. However, in each age group, right knee meniscus injury was the majority. The way of surgical repair of the meniscus tear can be divided into the technology from inside to outside, and that from outside to inside, total internal repair under arthroscopy and open repair technology.