Efficacy and complication of caffeine citrate and aminophylline in primary apnea of premature infants:a comparative analysis / 中国小儿急救医学

ABSTRACT

Objective To investigate the effects of caffeine citrate and aminophylline in treatment of primary apnea of premature infants and its related complications. Methods A total of 152 preterm infants who were diagnosed primary apnea within 10 days after birth were randomly divided into caffeine citrate group(n=77) and aminophylline group(n =75). The changes in the time of the apnea disappeared after treating,needing oxygen,non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation,and the incidence of bronchopul-monary dysplasia ( BPD ) , necrotizing enterocolitis, retinopathy of prematurity, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA),intercranial hemorrhage(ICH)were compared between the two groups. Results The time of the apnea disappeared after treating[(47. 4 ± 5. 3) h],needing oxygen[(20. 5 ± 7. 6) d],non-invasive mechani-cal ventilation[(8. 7 ± 4. 2) d] and invasive mechanical ventilation[(1. 0 ± 1. 3) d] in the caffeine citrate group were significantly lower than those in the aminophylline group [ ( 54. 8 ± 6. 2 ) h, ( 24. 4 ± 8. 5 ) d, (10.4±5.3)d,(10.4±5.3)d,respectively](P0. 05). Conclusion The caffeine citrate has a better efficacy in the treating primary apnea of preterm infants than aminophylline. It can also decrease the incidence of BPD,PDA and ICH in premature infants.