Spasmodic torticollis: medical and botulinum A toxin treatment
Yonsei Medical Journal
;
: 289-293, 1992.
Article
in English
| WPRIM
| ID: wpr-50769
ABSTRACT
The exact pathophysiologic mechanisms of spasmodic torticollis and other idiopathic torsion dystonias remain largely unknown. Thus, a variety of drugs have been used alone or in combination on an empirical basis to treat these disorders, but to date none have efficacy that is proven and consistent. The drugs in use include anticholinergics, benzodiazepines, dopaminergics and dopamine antagonists with variable degrees of clinical improvement. Botulinum toxin A injection treatment for spasmodic torticollis is safe and efficacious with minimal adverse effect. However, it is expensive and beneficial effects are short-lasting. Only when a spasmodic torticollis patient's symptoms are refractory to combined treatment, using various drugs and Botulinum toxin injections, should the patient be considered a candidate for neurosurgical procedures.
Full text:
Available
Index:
WPRIM (Western Pacific)
Main subject:
Parasympatholytics
/
Spasm
/
Torticollis
/
Benzodiazepines
/
Botulinum Toxins
/
Dopamine Agents
/
Dopamine Antagonists
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Yonsei Medical Journal
Year:
1992
Type:
Article
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