Diagnosis and treatment of malunited ankle fractures / 中华创伤骨科杂志

ABSTRACT

Incidence of ankle fractures is relatively high.Malunited ankle fractures result from inappropriate nonoperative treatment and incorrect surgery as well.It is not difficult to diagnose a malunited ankle fracture when taking history,symptoms and imaging examinations into consideration.Orthopaedic surgeons used to do ankle fusion for this kind of patients as the effect of reconstructive surgery is not clear.This article summarizes the diagnostic and therapeutic methods for ankle fracture malunion based on the articles from 1976 to 2015.More detailed therapeutic methods for deformities involving lateral malleolus,tibiofibular syndesmosis,medial malleolus and posterior malleolus are also reviewed.