The development of preclinical safety evaluation models for microbicides / 中国艾滋病性病

ABSTRACT

Sexual transmission of HIV-1 has recently become the predominant route over the world.As an effective HIV vaccine has been elusive so far,microbicides,which are usually applied at topical mucosal sites to prevent vaginal or rectal mucosa from HIV-1 infection,have been paid ever increasing attentions.The failure of previous clinical trials have demonstrated that it is critical to ensure the safety and efficacy of microbicides before they move forward into clinical trials.In this review,we have summarized recent progress in preclinical models evaluating the safety and efficacy of microbicides,including cell culture in vitro,mucosal explant and animal models in vivo which are used at different phases during the preclinical development of microbicides,and have elaborated the characteristics of these models and their advantages.Finally,we emphasize the urgent need to establish effective evaluation systems at molecular levels for different models,which may serve as good surrogates to predict the inflammation and HIV infection in future clinical testing.