Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy for the Treatment of Impacted Upper Ureteral Calculi: A Report of 49 Cases / 中国微创外科杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective To investigate the efficacy of minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy(MPCNL) for impacted upper ureteric calculi.Methods Retro-urethral catheterization was conducted in the diseased ureter under cyctoscope.After a channel from the skin surface into the middle calyx was established under the guidance of X-ray or B ultrasonography,pneumatic lithotripsy was conducted to break up stones under ureteroscopy.Results The success rate of pneumatic lithotripsy was 100%.The rate of postoperative macroscopic hematuria was 55.1%(27/49).The symptom lasted one to three days in 26 cases,and 1 case had apparent hematuria with blood clot flowing out from nephrostomy tube,which lasted 8 days.10.2%(5/49) of cases was complicated with postoperative pyrexia.The stone-free rate in one week and one month postoperatively was 93.9%(46/49) 98.0%(48/49),respectively.Follow-up observations in 49 cases for 1-12 months(mean,5 months) showed no major complications.Conclusions MPCNL for impacted upper ureteral calculi has the advantages of simple performance,less complications and satisfactory efficacy.