Analysis of risk factors for gestational diabetes mellitus and its effect on pregnancy outcome / 中国基层医药

ABSTRACT

Objective To analyze the risk factors of the patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM),to explore the effect of GDMon pregnancy outcome,and provide reference for early clinical prevention and intervention. Methods Randomly selected 220 GDMpatients who were treated from January 2014 to January 2016 as the observa-tion group,and collected 236 cases of non -diabetic pregnant women in our hospital during the same period as control group.Retrospectively analyzed the risk factors of GDM and the effect of GDM on pregnant women and neonates by questionnaires and clinical data.Results Single factor analysis and Logistic regression analysis showed that the age, history of diabetes,body mass index(BMI)before pregnancy,BMI before 1 week of childbirth and weight of oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)were the risk factors of GDM(OR =2.988,5.684,4.255,3.765,3.051;P =0.003, 0.000,0.000,0.024,0.021 ).The incidences of phydramnion,postpartum hemorrhage,pregnancy period hyperten-sion,premature rupture,premature birth,cesarean section and ketoacidosis in the observation group were higher than the control group,and the differences were statistically significant (χ2 =5.539,11.338,14.103,4.527,8.160, 4.719;P =0.019,0.001,0.000,0.033,0.004,0.030).The incidence of newborn malformation,asphyxia,fetal distress and macrosomia in observation group were higher than the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(χ2 =4.929,5.539,4.163,5.950;P =0.026,0.019,0.041,0.015).Conclusion The age,history of diabetes,BMI before pregnancy,BMI before 1 week of childbirth and weight of OGTT were the risk factors of GDM, which should pay close attention to these people and take corresponding treatment measures,so as to improve the adverse outcome of maternal and infant in clinic.