Intravenous thrombolysis associated with a high risk of hemorrhagic transformation in ischemicstroke patients with cardiac myxoma and over 70 years of age

ABSTRACT

Objectives: Although thrombolytic therapy has been shown to be benefi cial to stroke patients, its safety and effectiveness in stroke patients with cardiac tumor is unknown. This study assessed the safety and effi cacy of intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant-tissue plasminogen activator (rtPa) in stroke patients with cardiac myxoma. Methods: We systematically searched databases for all publications on thrombolysis in patients with cardiac tumor-related strokes. The literature on thrombolysis in ischemic stroke patients with myxoma was systematically analyzed; information on the hemorrhagic transformation and response rates in patients over and under 70 years of age was extracted and compared. Statistical tests were performed to evaluate the odds ratios for these factors. Results: Twelve case reports were identifi ed. Four patients were 70 years of age or older, two (50%) of whom had demonstrated hemorrhagic transformation, which was not found in patients under 60 years of age. The rate of response to treatment was 60% (3/5) in patients under 60 and 25% (1/4) in those ≥70 years of age. The rate of hemorrhagic transformation in the patients ≥70 years of age was higher than that in patients <70 years of age (odds ratio 7). Conclusion: Intravenous thrombolysis in ischemic stroke patients with myxoma who were over 70 years of age was associated with a lower response rate and a higher risk of hemorrhagic transformation.