Effect of Calcium Source using Tilapia Mossambica Scales on the Bone Metabolic Biomarkers and Bone Mineral Density in Rats

ABSTRACT

This study was done to evaluate the effect of Ca source using fish (Tilapia mossambica) scales on the bone metabolism. Male Sprague-Dawley rats, 4 weeks of age, were fed low-calcium diet (0.15% Ca) for 2 weeks. The rats on the low-calcium diet were further assigned to one of following three groups for an additional 4 weeks 1) Ca-depletion group (LoCa) given 0.15% Ca diet (CaCO3), 2) Ca-repletion group (AdCa) given 0.5% Ca diet (CaCO3), 3) Ca-repletion diet (AdFa) received 0.5% Ca diet (Ca source from Tilapia mossambica scales). Serum parathyroid (PTH) and calcitonin showed no differences among experimental groups. Whereas LoCa group elevated the turnover markers, serum ALP and osteocalcin, and urinary deoxypyridinoline (DPD), AdCa and AdFa groups reduced their values. Elevation in the femoral weight, ash and Ca contents was observed in AdCa and AdFa groups. Bone mineral density was increased in AdCa and AdFa groups by 25-26% compared with LoCa group. These data demonstrate that Ca repletion with either Ca source from Tilapia mossambica scales or CaCO3 is similarly effective in the improvement of bone turnover markers and BMD, suggesting the usefulness of Tilapia mossambica scales in the prevention of bone loss compared with CaCO3.