Prevalence and incidence of anemia among school students aged 6-11 years old in Minhang District of Shanghai / 复旦学报（医学版）

ABSTRACT

Objective To analyze the epidemic features of anemia among students aged 6-11 years old in Minghang District,to provide basis for the control and prevention strategies of anemia among school students.Methods Surveillance on hemoglobin concentration was conducted among 42 872 students aged from 6 to 11 years old between 2012 and 2015.All data analyses were completed by SPSS 18.0 statistical software.Results The prevalence rate of anemia among school students 6-11 years old was 5.05％ (95％CI4.84-5.26).The prevalence rate of anemia among girls was 5.28％,which was significantly higher than that 4.84％ among boys (x2 =4.24,P =0.037).Six-year-old boys and girls were most susceptible to anemia.Compared to students in Hope Schools,public school students are more vulnerable to anemia (boysOR =2.37,95 ％ CI2.03-2.76;girlsOR =2.08,95 ％ CI1.74 -2.49).Overweight and obese students had a lower risk of anemia than average students (boysOR =0.65,95 ％ CI0.55-0.76;girlsOR =0.75,95 ％ CI0.61-0.92).The three-year cumulative incidence of anemia was 12.80％ (95 ％CI12.49-13.12).The cumulative incidence among girls was 14.52％,which was significantly higher than that of 11.28％ among boys (x2 =100.26,P＜0.001).Six-year-old boys have the highest three-year cumulative risk among all students,while 10-11-year-old girls have the highest three-year cumulative incidence.The risk of anemia in Hope School was found highest in all schools (boysRR =1.93,95％CI1.72-2.16;girlsRR =1.20,95 ％CI1.04-1.39).Overweight and obesity were considered protective factors to anemia (boysRR =0.75,95％CI0.67-0.84;girlsRR =0.77,95％CI0.68-0.88).The primary and recurrent detection rates of anemia were 14.58％ and 2.54％.The anemia among students was mainly detected during the first examination despite the differences in ages,schools and nutrition conditions (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The prevalence of anemia among primary school students in Minhang District is at a mild level.Control measures should be adopted,including monitoring of hemoglobin in all school children and adolescents,taking individual intervention measures based on results,promoting the health education for adolescent girls and parents of school children,and paying special attention to Hope School and students with recurrent and continuous anemia.