Platelet-rich fibrin combined with collagen membrane for repairing calvarial bone defects / 中国组织工程研究

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: At present, there are some studies on applying platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) or collagen membrane in guided bone regeneration to promote the bone defect repair, while there is no report about their combined use versus single use in the bone defect repair. OBJECTIVE: To compare the bone regeneration ability of PRF, collagen membrane and their combined membrane in the bone defect repair.METHODS: Twenty-two Japanese big ear rabbits were selected to establish three bone defects in the calvarial bone, and then PRF, collagen membrane and PRF/collagen membrane composite were respectively implanted into the three defect regions. At 2, 4, 8, 12 weeks after implantation, tissue repair and regeneration in the bone defect regions were observed by X-ray and hematoxylin-eosin staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Postoperative 2-week X-ray showed blurred density increase in the margin of bone defect in the composite membrane group, as well as increased density in the PRF group, while it was rarely seen in the collagen membrane group. At 12 weeks after implantation, in the composite membrane group, the bone density in the defect area was similar to the surrounding bone tissue; in the collagen membrane group, annulus-shaped density was enlarged, but the density in the defect region was still lower than that in the surrounding bone tissues; and in the PRF group, the lower density was seen in the individual parts of bone defect region compared with the surrounding bone tissues. (2) Histological observation At 2 weeks after implantation, new fibrous connective tissues and newborn capillaries were seen around the defect area in the composite membrane group, while less fibrous connective tissues and capillaries were found in the other two groups. At 12 weeks after implantation, in the composite membrane group, a great amount of bone cells arranged regularly in the bone defect area with the presence of thickened trabecular bone and mature bone formation; in the PRF group, there were visible bone cells and increased number of trabecular bone, but less bone formation than the composite membrane group; in the collagen membrane group, there were few bone tissues formed with osteoblasts, osteoclasts and obvious bone lacuna. In conclusion, the PRF/collagen composite membrane shows better osteogenic effects than their use alone.